Partner Flower: K-5 mindful movement partner practice    Partner Flower A K-5 Mindful Movement Partner Practice
      
   Subjects    Yoga K-5 Seated pose Partner pose Flexibility Social and emotional learning      
   Summary    Students sit on the floor back to back with a partner, bending their knees to press the soles of their feet together. Straightening their spines, they lower their knees toward the floor to feel a stretch in their hips and thighs. Then, sliding their hands between their legs, they place their palms flat on the floor under their calves. Leaning back slightly, they press their weight against their partners’ backs and lift their legs and hands off the floor. Students balance in this pose on their sits bones for several breaths, then gently lower their hands and feet back to the floor and return to a comfortable seated position with arms at their sides.       
   Introduction    Students sit on the floor back to back with a partner, bending their knees to press the soles of their feet together. Straightening their spines, they lower their knees toward the floor to feel a stretch in their hips and thighs. Then, sliding their hands between their legs, they place their palms flat on the floor under their calves. Leaning back slightly, they press their weight against their partners’ backs and lift their legs and hands off the floor. Students balance in this pose on their sits bones for several breaths, then gently lower their hands and feet back to the floor and return to a comfortable seated position with arms at their sides. When practiced regularly, this pose may help students cultivate greater balance; gain flexibility in their knees, inner thighs, and backs; and improve their  collaboration skills.       
   Scientific Background for this Practice    Preliminary research into the impact of yoga training in schools suggests that yoga may be beneficial to child development. For example, early studies indicate that yoga training is associated with increases in students’ perceived self-concept (Scime & Cook-Cottone, 2008) as well as improvements to their emotional balance and well-being (Stück & Gloeckner, 2005). Students who participate in school-based yoga programs also experience fewer maladaptive responses to stress, including, for example, less rumination, fewer intrusive thoughts, and less emotional arousal (Mendelson et al., 2010). Yoga programs are also associated with improved classroom readiness. Students who participate in yoga training experience enhanced concentration and greater abilities to function under pressure (Ehud, An, & Avshalom, 2010), and they tend to enact fewer disruptive behaviors in school (Berger, Silver, & Stein, 2009).  Yoga programs may also offer physical health benefits to students. A systematic review of the therapeutic benefits of yoga for children found that yoga enhances children’s motor performance and cardiorespiratory health, while it decreases children’s resting heart rate, cortisol levels, and symptoms related to childhood-asthma. The same review also found evidence of yoga’s positive impact on children’s musculoskeletal system, including by enhancing children’s flexibility and strength (Galantino, Galbavy, & Quinn, 2008). Yoga training appears to be associated with relatively few risks. At least one adverse event has been observed in research on the impact of yoga on children, however. An individual was unaware of a preexisting condition that was exacerbated by an inverted yoga posture (de Barros, Bazzaz, Gheith, Siam, & Moster, 2008). Thus, educators should exercise caution when teaching more advanced poses to students in school settings.      
   Contexts    Audience: K-5 students Time: Any time of day Duration: 5 minutes per session Space: Classroom Social context: Partner practice or group practice      
   Aesthetics    Agent: K-5 students Props or Supports: One yoga mat per pair of students      
   Preparations and Resources    Materials One yoga mat per pair of students. Enough floor space that students can spread out. 
Setup Arrange the yoga mats, ensuring that students have enough space to move without bumping into one another.  If you have enough space, consider arranging the yoga mats in a circle so that you can see each student from your own mat. 
Visual Aids None
      
   Procedural Instructions    You do not need to read the included script verbatim. Adapt the language so that it is appropriate for your students in particular.  It is perfectly appropriate to simplify the breathing cues, particularly when you first introduce the pose to your students. You might invite students to simply count several breaths in the pose, or you might opt to omit explicit reference to breath altogether.  It is not important for students to get the pose exactly right. Instead, focus on helping them build mind-body awareness each time you practice.  Offer students positive reinforcements throughout each practice. Focus on qualities and behaviors they can control, like their focus, effort, or persistence. Be specific whenever possible. This will help your students develop a growth mindset. Before introducing this posture, brainstorm as a class what it means to be a good partner during partner poses. Discuss how the students can help keep each other safe and consider creating a list of class agreements for partner poses that are easily visible throughout the practice. For example, students might agree that if one partner feels uncomfortable and says “stop,” the other partner will immediately pause and determine how to help.      
   Relationships    Partner flower can also be practiced individually as flower pose.      
   Script for Guided Practice    Begin by sitting on the floor back to back with a partner.  Scoot in so that you and your partner are as close as possible.  Wonderful.  First gently bend your knees and pull your heels toward you so you can press the bottoms of your feet together. Now you and your partner are in butterfly pose.  Let’s stay here for two breaths.  Take a deep breath in, and as you breathe in, sit up tall. Do you feel taller when your back is straight?  As you breathe out, slowly relax your knees down to the mat. As you take another deep breath in, press against your partner’s back.  As you breathe out, slide your hands between and then underneath your legs so you can place your hands flat on the floor under your calves. As you breathe in, bend your elbows and lift your palms up and off the floor.  As you breathe out, lean back slightly and now lift your legs off the floor. You and your partner are now in flower pose and can use each other’s backs for balance.  Wonderful.  Pause here for one full breath. See if you can match your breath to your partner’s.  As you breathe in, notice whether you can feel your partner’s back expand onto yours. As you breathe out, notice whether you can feel the air leave your partner’s lungs. Excellent. Now gently lower your hands and legs back to the floor.  Slowly sit up straight.  And gently bring your arms to your sides. Great job! 
      
   Sources    Berger, D.L., Silver, E.J., & Stein, R.E. (2009). Effects of yoga on inner-city children’s well-being: A pilot study. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 15, 36–42. de Barros, D.S., Bazzaz, S., Gheith, M.E., Siam, G.A., & Moster, M.R. (2008). Progressive optic neuropathy in congenital glaucoma associated with the Sirsasana yoga posture. Ophthalmic Surgery Lasers and Imaging Retina, 39, 339–340. Ehud, M., An, B.D., & Avshalom, S. (2010). Here and now: Yoga in Israeli schools. International Journal of Yoga, 3, 42–47. Galantino, M. L., Galbavy, R., & Quinn, L. (2008). Therapeutic effects of yoga for children: A systematic review of the literature. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 20(1), 66-80. Mendelson, T., Greenberg, M.T., Dariotis, J.K., Gould, L.F., Rhoades, B.L., & Leaf, P.J. (2010). Feasibility and preliminary outcomes of a school-based mindfulness intervention for urban youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 985–994. Scime, M., & Cook-Cottone, C. (2008). Primary prevention of eating disorders: A constructivist integration of mind and body strategies. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41(2), 134-142. Serwacki, M., & Cook-Cottone, C. (2012). Yoga in the schools: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 22, 101–110. Stück, M., & Gloeckner, N. (2005). Yoga for children in the mirror of the science: Working spectrum and practice fields of the training of relaxation with elements of yoga for children. Early Childhood Development and Care, 175, 371–377.      
   Authorship & Provenance    Authors: Megan Downey and Anna Basile Adapted from: Compassionate Schools Project